Networking Fundamentals
Contents: Networking Terminology, Data Network, Network History, Device Networking, Topology, Protocol, Bandwidth, Bandwidth Analogy, Bandwidth Limit, Throughput, Calculate, OSI Model, OSI Layer, TCP / IP Model, Encapsulation
1. Networking Terminology
When designing a network bandwidth usage is very important and determines the data transfer. Layer model is used to describe the functions in the network such as the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) and the Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP / IP) either in a LAN, MAN, WAN, SAN and VPN.
This section will discuss data networks, network devices, topology and bandwidth usage, identification bps, kbps, Mbps, the bandwidth throughput, data transfer calculations, the approach to the OSI model and TCP / IP model, identification of network devices that are used.
1. Data NetworkData networks that exist today are part of the process and the work of a business application that was written by a personal computer, when the personal computer is not connected into a network then there is the inefficient use of working time even with the calculation of a cost effective business . Imagine if someone working at a large company and will do the copying files or copying files then it will do is walk into a place where the source data is stored, it will be very tiring and time consuming. How does communication work in order to be effective? So what solutions do to address these conditions?,
things to do is to build a network of computers working environment. By building a standard local area network (LAN) then the exchange of data or information between the personal and the inside of an enterprise can be resolved quickly and accurately.
The distance data transfers in a network will affect network devices, cabling, topology and type of network usedComputer network based on area or wide area
Based on the area or an area, a computer network can be divided into three, namely:
# - LAN (Local Area Network)
# - MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
# - WAN (Wide Area Network)
LAN or Local Area Network is;
Figure 2:36 Local Area Network
computer network to areas that are not so widespread.
Limits the size of a LAN is a single building.
Example of a LAN is a network located in schools that connect computers belonging to students, the teacher's computer and the computer's administrative section. In LAN we can workgroup or a collection of multiple computers or users that make sharing resources or sharing resources.
For example, a workgroup comprised of user guru1 teacher, guru2, guru3 and so on,
while the student workgroup comprised of user siswa1, siswa2 and so on.
Use of this workgroup will facilitate the handling or management network.
Benefits of using LAN are:
# - Each user can exchange files (file sharing) is easy
# - Each user can share the printer (printer sharing)
# - Each user can store the data centrally (file server)
# - Each user can communicate with each other using a computer.
MAN or Metropolitan Area Network is; Figure 2:37 Schematic Metropolitan Area Network
computer network that connects computers within a city.
Examples of this network is a network between several schools in one city.
MAN same concept as the LAN, which make sharing resources or sharing
resources, it's just a broader scope.



WAN or Wide Area Network is; Figure 2:38 Schematic Wide Area Network
computer network with the widest geographic coverage to reach
Another island, another country, another continent, and even outer space.
WAN is usually a collection of a number of LAN and MAN.
Examples of application of the WAN is a network-owned banks nationwide
For example: Bank "A" which is headquartered in Jakarta has a branch office in Surabaya, Makassar and Denpasar. Bank "A" also opened overseas branches in the
in Singapore, Malaysia, and Philippines.
In each branch, the bank has its own office with a number of staff and full facilities including ATMs (Automatic Teller Machine).
To obtain accurate information from all branches of financial transactions,
Bank "A" create a network of computers belonging to the category of WAN.
The advantage of using a WAN are:
a. computer servers to data centers can be centralized in one location
b. inter-branch communication can be done using e-mail or chat is cheaper than telephone communications
c. documents can be sent in the form of electronic mail, thereby reducing the cost and hassle of shipping documents through the post office.
Posted by Putu_KuroiObake at 10:37
Label: computer networks based on area or wide area